Botanical description of Jatropha curcas

 Jatropha derived from the Greek word ‘Jatros’means’Doctor’ and ‘trophe’ means ‘Nutrition’. Botanically this is known as Jatropha curcas L. and belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a multipurpose shrub and is found throughout the tropics and is known by nearly 200 different names, indicating its occurrence in various countries. Common vernacular names of Jatropha curcas in India are Ratanjyot, Safed arand, Physic nut, Purging nut, Chandrajyot etc. Jatropha is a deciduous large shrub or small tree 3-5 m in height with smooth gray bark, which exudes watery and sticky latex, when cut. The cut branches sprout readily and grow rapidly which makes it suitable for fencing.

The genus is cosmopolitan in distribution except in the arctic region; they are distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical Himalayas, the mountains of Western and Eastern Ghats and plains of South India.

The leaves simple, angular, deeply palmately 3-5 lobed with long petiole. Ciliate glands usually represent the stipules. The venation is palmate. The leaves are green to pale green broad and glabrous. Phyllotaxy is spiral.

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